Search results for "Soil biota"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Microplastic incorporation into soil in agroecosystems
2017
Background: We live in a plastic age (Thompson et al., 2009), with microplastic (typically defined as plastic particles < 5 mm) becoming an increasingly appreciated aspect of environmental pollution. Research has been overwhelmingly focused on aquatic systems, especially the oceans, but there is a current shift to more strongly consider terrestrial ecosystems (Rillig, 2012; Horton et al., 2017). In particular agroecosystems are coming into focus as a major entry point for microplastics in continental systems (Nizzetto et al., 2016b), where contamination might occur via different sources as sludge amendment or plastic mulching (Steinmetz et al., 2016). Given the central role of agroecosystem…
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively affect growth of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle seedlings and show a strong association with this invasi…
2015
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may promote plant invasion by enhancing plant performance and competitiveness. However, only a small number of studies have considered the interactions between local soil microbial communities and invasive plants, and even fewer have focused on alien trees. Ailanthus altissima is a serious problem in the Mediterranean Basin, where it has invaded many habitats. We investigated the symbiosis between A. altissima and indigenous AMF in two invaded, ecologically different Mediterranean woodlands. Mycorrhizal infection was high at both sites (> 60% of the root fragments were mycorrhizal), indicating that A. altissima roots may be infected by AMF under different …
Morphogenetic characteristics of chernozem leached in mining enterprises pollution conditions
2019
The article presents the results of comparative studies on the uncontaminated (virgin) leached chernozem soil in terms of heavy metal contamination due to zinc plant operations. Study object location is given. The territory under the influence of plant emissions is devoid of vegetation. Everywhere on the soil surface there are manifestations of deep erosion processes and continuous erosion of the topsoil. Soil cuts with morphogenetic descriptions, physical, physico-chemical and biological characteristics of the soil were laid at the objects. The soil cover under the influence of pollution has undergone degradation and led to transformational processes of particle size distribution, humus co…
Impact of deoxynivalenol on soil microflora and fauna
2012
F. graminearum is an important pathogen that causes head blight of cereal crops as wheat and maize. It also produces the mycotoxins (as Deoxynivalenol=DON) which are toxic to the human and animals. During the off season the pathogen survives in the soil, on weeds and in crop residues. A 24 weeks study was conducted in controlled conditions (microcosms of natural soil, 17 °C, 80% WHC) to test whether the presence of DON in the wheat crop residues gives competitive advantage to F. graminearum over the other soil microflora and fauna to survive and develop a primary inoculum during the decomposition process. This study was carried out in the presence of the whole soil biota (i.e. fungi, bacter…